Using the multi-trait genotype ideotype distance index to identify optimal blackgram (Vigna mungo) genotypes

Abstract

To create superior varieties, the ideal parental types with the majority of the improved traits must be carefully
identified. An enhanced method for choosing ideal genotypes in plant breeding was provided by the recently
created genotype-ideotype distance-based selection index. In order to identify potential blackgram [Vigna
mungo (L.) Hepper] genotypes with the majority of the improved traits, the current experiment was carried out
at the research farm of Agricultural College (Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University), Bapatla, Andhra
Pradesh, during the rainy (kharif) seasons of 2021 and 2022. The Multi-trait Genotype Ideotype Distance Index
(MGIDI) was used to analyze 127 blackgram genotypes in order to identify superior genotypes with enhanced
traits. For every trait with desired values, MGIDI offered selection gain and selection differential. Ten
characteristics were grouped under four factors following varimax rotation, which together accounted for
roughly 76.4% of the total variance with eigen values greater than 1. Six superior genotypes (GAVT 12, GAVT
7, TBG 106, VBG 13-003, GBG 12, and MBG 1046) were found by the MGID index at 5% selection intensity
out of the 127 blackgram genotypes that were examined. Factor 1, which includes grain yield/plant,
clusters/plant, pods/plant, and seeds/pod, contributed the most to the MGIDI values, while factor 3, which
includes days to maturity, plant height, and pod length, contributed the least. In any hybridization program,
these chosen genotypes with superior per se performance for several traits based on the MGIDI can be used as
genitors to create superior varieties, which will increase the productivity of blackgram.